National and guarantee pensions supplement small earnings-related pensions

For the majority of retirees living in Finland, the earnings-related pension is the main source of income. The pension can consist of different components: the earnings-related pension, the national pension, the guarantee pension and a pension from abroad.

National pension

If you have earned no or only a small earnings-related pension, you may get a national pension paid out by Kela. Kela pays both disability and old-age pensions. To get a national pension, you have to be covered by Finnish social security. You must also live or have lived in Finland for at least 3 years since your 16th birthday.

The national pension is reduced as your earnings-related pension grows. When the earnings-related pension reaches a certain level the national pension is no longer granted.

The tables at the end of this page show examples of how the total pension is built up. The first table is for single pensioners and the other for pensioners who live with their spouse.

The national pension is payable at its full amount only if you receive no earnings-related pensions or if their combined amount before taxes is 66.29 euros per month or less (2025).

Guarantee pension

The guarantee pension paid out by Kela offers you a minimum pension if your total monthly pension before tax is less than 978.34 euros (in 2025). The income limit and the minimum pension is lower if you have retired early on an old-age pension.

All other pensions that you receive in Finland and from abroad affect the amount of the guarantee pension that you may receive. As for earnings-related pensions, any old-age, disability, years-of-service and survivor’s pension you may receive under the earnings-related pension system affect the amount of your guarantee pension.

You will get the full guarantee pension of €986.30 (2025) only if you do not receive any other pensions.

Total pension: Examples of national and guarantee pensions

In the following examples, the national pension and the guarantee pension have been calculated under the assumption that all earnings-related pension income reduces the national pension.

The earnings-related pension has been adjusted with the life expectancy coefficient. The total pension is combined earnings-related, national and guarantee pensions that they receive per month. Taxes have been calculated assuming that the person’s monthly income has been of the same amount throughout the year.

Single pensioner

Example table: Single pensioner at age 65 in 2025

Earnings-related pension e/month	National pension e/month	Guarantee pension e/month	Total pension e/month	Net pension e/month	Taxes and contributions e/month	Taxes and contributions % of gross pension
0	783	203	986	986	0	0.0
100	767	120	986	986	0	0.0
200	717	70	986	986	0	0.0
300	667	20	986	986	0	0.0
400	617	0	1017	1017	0	0.0
500	567	0	1067	1067	0	0.0
600	517	0	1117	1117	0	0.0
700	467	0	1167	1159	8	0.7
800	417	0	1217	1189	27	2.2
900	367	0	1267	1220	46	3.7
1000	317	0	1317	1250	67	5.1
1100	267	0	1367	1279	88	6.4
1200	217	0	1417	1309	108	7.6
1300	167	0	1467	1338	129	8.8
1400	117	0	1517	1367	149	9.8
1500	67	0	1567	1397	170	10.8
1800	0	0	1800	1535	265	14.7
2100	0	0	2100	1737	363	17.3
2400	0	0	2400	1928	472	19.7
3000	0	0	3000	2300	700	23.3
4000	0	0	4000	2827	1173	29.3

Taxes and comparable payments have been calculated according to the final taxation in 2025. The municipal tax rate is 7.54 and the pensioner’s medical care contribution is 1.45. The Church tax rate has been excluded from the calculation. A public service broadcasting tax of 2.50 per cent, or a maximum of 160 euros per year, is levied on the pension. The taxation has been calculated assuming that the person has no other income than the earnings-related, national and guarantee pensions.

Earnings-related pensions also include components which do not reduce the national pension. They in-clude, for example, the increase for late retirement.

National pensions and guarantee pensions drawn before the age of 65 are reduced for early retirement by 0.40 per cent per month taken early.

Married or cohabiting pensioner

Example table: Married or cohabiting pensioner at age 65 in 2025

Earnings-related pension e/month	National pension e/month	Guarantee pension e/month	Total pension e/month	Net pension e/month	Taxes and contributions e/month	Taxes and contributions % of gross pension
0	699	287	986	986	0	0.0
100	683	204	986	986	0	0.0
200	633	154	986	986	0	0.0
300	583	104	986	986	0	0.0
400	533	54	986	986	0	0.0
500	483	0	983	983	0	0.0
600	433	0	1033	1033	0	0.0
700	383	0	1083	1083	0	0.0
800	333	0	1133	1133	0	0.0
900	283	0	1183	1169	14	1.2
1000	233	0	1233	1199	33	2.7
1100	183	0	1283	1230	53	4.1
1200	133	0	1333	1259	74	5.5
1300	83	0	1383	1288	94	6.8
1400	33	0	1433	1318	115	8.0
1500	0	0	1500	1358	142	9.5
1800	0	0	1800	1535	265	14.7
2100	0	0	2100	1737	363	17.3
2400	0	0	2400	1928	472	19.7
3000	0	0	3000	2300	700	23.3
4000	0	0	4000	2827	1173	29.3

Earnings-related pensions also include components which do not reduce the national pension. They in-clude, for example, the increase for late retirement.

National pensions and guarantee pensions drawn before the age of 65 are reduced for early retirement by 0.40 per cent per month taken early.

For more information on the national and the guarantee pensions, contact the Social Insurance Institution of Finland (Kela).

Updated 10.3.2025